The hottest Wang Fengying proposed to speed up the

Wang Fengying proposed at the 2019 two sessions: accelerate hydrogen energy infrastructure and promote the all-round development of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles

the second session of the 13th National People's Congress will be held in Beijing on March 5 this year. As a deputy to the 11th, 12th and 13th National People's Congress, Wang Fengying, vice chairman and President of Great Wall Motors, attended the 12th National People's Congress this year

at this conference, representative Wang Fengying proposed five proposals on the future development of China's automotive industry and the development of Chinese enterprises. Among them, the original text of the proposal on accelerating the construction of China's hydrogen energy infrastructure and promoting the comprehensive and balanced development of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles is as follows:

(Wang Fengying, deputy to the National People's Congress, vice chairman and President of Great Wall Motors)

summary:

in recent years, Vigorously developing clean energy and renewable energy has become the consensus of all countries in the world to implement the transformation and upgrading of energy strategies. As an efficient secondary energy carrier that continuously opens up Xintiandi for clean development, hydrogen energy is known as the "ultimate energy" of mankind. Developing hydrogen fuel cell vehicles has become a common strategic choice of all countries

as early as 2001, the "major special projects of the national '863' plan" issued by the Ministry of science and technology included the research and development of fuel cell vehicles; Subsequently, the energy saving and new energy vehicle industry development plan (2012-2020), made in China 2025, the energy technology revolution and innovation action plan (year), the national innovation driven development strategy outline, the national strategic emerging industry development plan during the 13th five year plan, and the medium and long term development plan of the automotive industry clearly mentioned the need to focus on the research and development of hydrogen energy and fuel cell technology, It shows that the government attaches great importance to the development of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles

however, the commercialization and industrialization of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles in China are still significantly lagging behind. In 2018, the sales volume of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles in China was only 1527, with a year-on-year increase of 20%, far lower than the 61.7% growth rate of new energy vehicles in the same period. At the same time, the development of the hydrogen fuel cell vehicle industry is also facing many difficulties. The foundation of the hydrogen energy industry chain such as hydrogen production, hydrogen storage, hydrogen transportation and hydrogenation is very weak, and there are still many technical difficulties to be overcome in all links. In particular, as one of the necessary prerequisites for the development of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, the slow development of hydrogen refueling stations has become one of the key factors restricting the development of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles in China. China urgently needs to strengthen the construction of hydrogen energy infrastructure, especially the construction of hydrogen refueling stations, so as to promote China's hydrogen fuel cell vehicle industry. Therefore, suggestions: first, change the subsidy form of hydrogen refueling stations and increase subsidies; Second, formulate relevant policies to accelerate the research and development of core technologies of hydrogen energy; Third, refine the technical standards of hydrogen energy and clarify the energy positioning of vehicle hydrogen; Fourth, strengthen top-level design, uniformly plan the national hydrogenation infrastructure, and reduce the difficulty of approval; Fifth, integrate high-quality resources, encourage multi-party cooperation, and establish a "national team" for the construction and operation of hydrogen refueling stations

I. background & current situation: the development of China's hydrogen fuel cell vehicle industry is relatively slow

(I) China's pure electric vehicles and plug-in hybrid vehicles have developed rapidly

in recent years, due to policy incentives, China's new energy vehicle industry has developed rapidly, but the increment is mainly pure electric vehicles and plug-in hybrid vehicles

in 2015, China surpassed the United States to become the world's largest producer and marketer of electric vehicles. In 2018, the production and sales of new energy vehicles in China were 1.27 million and 1.256 million respectively, with a year-on-year increase of 59.9% and 61.7% respectively. Among them, 986000 and 984000 pure electric vehicles were produced and sold, with a year-on-year increase of 47.9% and 50.8% respectively; The production and sales of plug-in hybrid vehicles were 283000 and 271000 respectively, with a year-on-year increase of 122% and 118% respectively

in terms of supporting facilities, by the end of 2018, the total number of electric vehicle charging facilities in China had reached 760000, an increase of 320000 compared with 2017. Among them, there are 300000 public piles and 460000 special piles. In terms of pure electric vehicles and plug-in hybrid vehicles, China has entered the development period from the introduction period

(II) compared with pure electric vehicles and plug-in hybrid vehicles, the development of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles in China is relatively slow and uneven compared with the global development of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles

from the commercialization of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles in 2013 to the end of 2017, a total of 6475 hydrogen fuel cell vehicles were sold in the global automotive market. Among them, the sales volume of Toyota hydrogen fuel cell vehicle Mirai accounts for more than 75% of the total sales volume of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles in the world. At the same time, Honda and Hyundai have launched mass-produced passenger cars

from 2016 to 2018, the sales of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles in China were 629, 1272 and 1527 respectively, with a growth rate significantly lower than that of pure electric vehicles and plug-in hybrid vehicles. At the same time, there is an obvious gap between most vehicle enterprises in China and the international advanced level in this field. At present, the R & D and promotion of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles are mainly commercial vehicles such as buses and logistics vehicles of government demonstration projects, and passenger vehicles have not been mass produced

(III) the construction of hydrogen refueling stations in China is slow

at present, compared with the overall scale of China's automotive industry, China is significantly backward in the construction of hydrogen energy infrastructure, especially hydrogen refueling stations

by the end of 2017, there were 328 hydrogen refueling stations in operation worldwide. Among them, 139 are located in Europe, 118 in Asia and 68 in North America (39 in the United States)

in October 2016, the "road map of energy saving and new energy vehicle technology" issued by the Chinese society of automotive engineering pointed out that by 2020, 2025 and 2030, the number of hydrogen refueling stations in China will exceed 100, 300 and 1000 respectively. But up to now, according to incomplete statistics, only about 20 hydrogen refueling stations have been built and put into operation in China, with a daily hydrogen supply capacity of about 10000kg

II. Problems & Analysis: the slow construction of hydrogen refueling stations restricts the development of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles

since 2015, with the gradual development of China's fuel cell vehicle industry and the improvement of subsidies for the construction of hydrogen refueling stations, various regions have begun to plan and build hydrogen refueling stations. However, domestic hydrogen refueling stations were mostly built for large-scale events or demonstration projects in the early stage, and were demolished after the events or projects. Most of the hydrogen refueling stations built recently are for the needs of supporting urban public transport systems or research and development of individual enterprises for independent use, and few are open to the outside world

according to the plan, by 2020, 2025 and 2030, the scale of fuel cell vehicles in China will reach 5000, 50000 and 1million respectively. Commercial fuel cell vehicles alone cannot achieve this goal, and the development of fuel cell passenger vehicles is indispensable. However, at present, the construction of non-governmental hydrogen refueling stations is extremely slow, which has seriously affected the development pace of domestic fuel cell vehicles, especially fuel cell passenger vehicles. There are mainly the following reasons:

(I) the construction and operation costs of hydrogen refueling stations are high, and the late income is slow

at present, the daily filling capacity of hydrogen refueling stations built in China has gradually increased from 200kg in the early stage to 500kg-1000kg, while the number of fixed hydrogen refueling stations has begun to increase. At present, the construction cost of a single domestic hydrogenation station is too high and the return period of investment is long due to many reasons, such as high requirements for the construction of hydrogenation stations, great technical difficulties, and wide coverage. Taking the fixed 35MPa hydrogen refueling station with a daily filling capacity of 1000kg as an example, with full consideration of safety and international universality, excluding the cost of land and supporting transportation vehicles, the initial investment amount is more than 15million yuan

at the same time, the infrastructure of the hydrogenation station needs to rely on the scale effect of hydrogenation to make profits, and the operation and maintenance costs are high. Because there are few matching operating vehicles, it is difficult to make profits, and most of the hydrogenation stations are in a state of loss

(II) China's core technology of hydrogen energy is backward

although China has developed to a certain extent in the hydrogen fuel cell vehicle industry, it is mainly concentrated in the field of commercial fuel cell vehicles. There is still a certain gap between the overall level, especially the core technology and key materials of hydrogen energy, and the advanced technology countries. At present, the key core parts and components in hydrogen production, hydrogen storage, hydrogenation and other links cannot be localized and are completely dependent on imports. As a result, China has no bargaining power and the procurement cost remains high

in addition, in terms of key materials for hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, such as electrocatalysts, proton exchange membranes, carbon paper and other materials, the quality of domestic products is not stable enough, and mass production capacity has not yet been formed, so most of them need to be imported; In the vehicle control system, accessory systems such as air compressors, humidifiers, hydrogen circulation devices, etc. still need to be imported, resulting in the lack of common development of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles and hydrogen refueling stations to form a virtuous cycle

(III) technical standards for the construction and management of hydrogen refueling stations are not unified

at present, in the construction and management of hydrogen refueling stations, a number of national standards have been issued successively, including gb/t technical safety code for hydrogen refueling stations, gb4962 technical code for the safety of hydrogen use, gb/t29729 basic requirements for the safety of hydrogen systems, GB 50177 design code for hydrogen stations, GB 50516 technical code for hydrogen refueling stations, etc. However, in fact, the relevant standards and regulatory requirements are not perfect, and many details cannot be relied on, which cannot fundamentally solve the problem of hydrogen refueling station construction

at the same time, since hydrogen is a dangerous chemical in the current national standards, hydrogen is managed as a dangerous chemical in the actual construction and management of hydrogen refueling stations, while for the automotive industry, hydrogen is used as energy. This has led to many unavoidable problems in the construction of hydrogen refueling stations, and led to some local governments' conservative attitude towards the development of hydrogen fuel cell vehicles, making it difficult to promote and popularize products

(IV) the approval process of hydrogen refueling stations is complex

as hydrogen fuel cell vehicles and supporting infrastructure are emerging industries, the approval process of domestic hydrogen refueling stations is complex and inconsistent policies. During the construction of hydrogen refueling stations, difficulties are encountered in planning, project approval, approval, supervision and other aspects, and the approval time of hydrogen refueling stations is as long as half a year or even a year

the current national hydrogen refueling station construction policy is inconsistent with the actual use. For example, when applying for the construction of a hydrogen refueling station, you must apply for the use of commercial land. If it is built on relatively cheap industrial land, the hydrogen refueling station can only be used for its own products or experiments, and cannot be operated publicly

in addition, the government management of the hydrogenation station is unclear, and the approval department is uncertain, which also leads to the slow progress of the construction of the hydrogenation station. For example, in different cities, the approval of hydrogen refueling station construction belongs to the housing and construction department, the energy department and even the urban management department

(V) the support policies of local governments are not unified, and the layout of hydrogen refueling stations is scattered.

due to the excessive reliance on local government support for the construction of hydrogen refueling stations, the hydrogen fuel cell industry and the construction of hydrogen refueling stations have developed rapidly in some places due to local government support; The development of areas without policy support is extremely slow. At the same time, local governments only develop in response to local needs in terms of policy-making, acting independently, focusing on the urban public transport system. The layout of the hydrogenation station is scattered, and the scale effect is not obvious

III. suggestions & measures: accelerate the construction of China's hydrogen energy infrastructure and promote the comprehensive and balanced development of the hydrogen fuel cell vehicle industry

in recent years, China's new energy vehicle development strategy has achieved remarkable results. As a strategic emerging industry in China, the development goal of the new energy vehicle industry is not only to